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This animated map provides a striking visual of employment trends over the last business cycle using net c
hange in jobs from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics on a rolling 12-month basis. We used this approach 
to provide the smoothest possible visual depiction of ongoing employment dynamics at the MSA level. By ani
mating the data, the map highlights a number of concurrent trends leading up to the nation’s present econ
omic crisis. The graphic highlights the 100 largest metropolitan areas so that regional trends can be more
 easily identified.

The timeline begins in 2004 as the country starts its recovery from the 2001 recession, following the burs
ting of the dot-com bubble. At first, broad economic growth was apparent across most of the country. Two n
otable exceptions are the Bay Area — the hub of the tech boom that drove job growth during the prior deca
de — and several metropolitan areas within the Midwest. The map reveals that much of the industrial Midwe
st never fully recovered from the previous recession, as manufacturers continue to shed jobs while other p
arts of the country were adding them in large number.
Equally telling is the short-lived expansion of construction- and real estate-related job growth in Sun Be
lt states, such as California, Florida, Georgia, and Arizona, during the middle of the decade as the natio
n’s appetite for new homes increases. During this period, the map also captures the dramatic job losses i
n New Orleans in 2005 as a result of Hurricane Katrina, as well as the city’s slow recovery driven largel
y by construction-related employment.

By 2007, regional evidence of the coming economic downturn starts to appear. Employment growth in Californ
ia and Florida starts to wane, with the first signs of actual losses beginning in the middle of the year i
n Los Angeles and Tampa. At the same time, layoffs accelerate in the nation’s manufacturing heartland. By
 the first quarter of 2008, job losses in the Southeast and Midwest begin to spread, setting off a chain o
f losses in neighboring areas until the two regions unite in recession. The same pattern appears on the We
st Coast, with the epicenter in Los Angeles marching eastward to the Front Range of the Rockies.

Even as much of the nation was showing clear signs of entering into recession, New York City continued to 
boom as the flow of easy credit (much of it related to the speculation in the housing sector) stimulated e
mployment growth in the nation’s financial center. In late spring 2007, the bursting of the financial bub
ble appears with the rapid deterioration of New York’s job market. A stark contrast is offered by solid e
mployment growth in Texas as a result of the run-up in oil prices through the middle of 2008. However, by 
January 2009, as the energy and construction sectors continue to weaken, job growth in Texas also recedes.